Culture of Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Culture of Bosnia and Herzegovina encompasses:
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[edit] Ancient cultural heritage
To Paleolithic times (c. 1400 BC) belongs engraving of an artist in Badanj Cave near city of Stolac. It represents the death of a horse under rain of arrows. It is the oldest Paleolithic finding in southeast Europe. Rich Neolithic culture is also found in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The most beautiful items are found in Butmir near Sarajevo (5000 BC). From Bronze Age the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina was inhibited by Illyrian tribes such are Japods in Bihać and Daors in Daorson near Stolac. They were under direct influence of Greeks, especially seen in Daorson. The Illyrians were defeated by the Romans, who left roads, bridges, and beautiful villas with mosaics all over Bosnia and Herzegovina. The best preserved are Mogorjelo near Čapljina, mosaics from Stolac (3th century). The Christian basilicas are founded all over country (Zenica, Visoko, Mostar, Široki Brijeg ...), and their stone engraving have influenced first original medieval Bosnian art, that of tombstones – stećak.
The Charter of Kulin Ban is a symbolic birth certificate of Bosnian statehood, as it is the first written document that talks of Bosnian borders (between the rivers of Drina, Sava and Una) and of the elements of the Bosnian state: its ruler, throne and political organization. It is written in Bosnian Cyrillic and it also noted Bosnia's population - Bosnianins. The Charter was a trade agreement between Bosnia and Republic of Dubrovnik. The most important item in the National Museum in Sarajevo is the Sarajevo Haggadah, a Jewish illuminated codex which originates from 12th century medieval Spain. Also important are Hrvojev’s mass (Hrvojev misal) and Hval’s codex (Hvalov zbornik), both Bosnian liturgy books written in Croatia on start of 15th century, as well as 16th century Kur’an and Leontiev’s New Testament (Leontijevo četverojevanđelje).
[edit] Literature
Bosnia and Herzegovina has a rich literature, including poets such as Antun Branko Šimić, Aleksa Šantić, Jovan Dučić and Mak Dizdar and writers such as Ivo Andrić, Meša Selimović, Branko Ćopić, Miljenko Jergović, Isak Samokovlija, Abdulah Sidran, Petar Kočić and Nedžad Ibrišimović. Ivo Andrić (Born in Travnik in 1892) in 1961 won the Nobel Prize for Literature mainly idk for his novel The Bridge on the Drina. He gave all the prize money for improving libraries in Bosnia & Herzegovina. National Theater was founded 1919 in Sarajevo and its first director was famous drama-play writer Branislav Nušić. Magazines such as Novi Plamen, Most and Sarajevske biljeznice are some of the more prominent publications covering cultural and literary themes.بلاش غباء
[edit] Visual Arts
Visual Arts in Bosnia and Herzegovina was always constant; from prehistoric era, through original medieval tombstones (stećak) to paintings in Kotromanić court. However, only with arrival of Austro-Hungarians in Bosnia real painting renaissance have begun. First artists that were educated in Europe academies appeared with the beginning of 20th century. With their talent and imaginative force we can point out: Gabrijel Jurkić, Petar Tiješić, Karlo Mijić, Špiro Bocarić, Petar Šain, Đoko Mazalić, Roman Petrović i Lazar Drljača. Their ascenders are: Ismet Mujezinović, Vojo Dimitrijević, Ivo Šeremet, Mica Todorović and others. After World War II we have artists like: Virgilije Nevjestić, Bekir Misirlić, Ljubo Lah, Meha Sefić, Franjo Likar, Mersad Berber, Ibrahim Ljubović, Dževad Hozo, Affan Ramić, Safet Zec, Ismar Mujezinović, Mehmed Zaimović ... ARS AEVI (founded in Sarajevo 1995) is international cultural project of Visual Arts and includes famous world artist.
[edit] Architecture
[edit] Films
Noted Bosnian film-makers are Mirza Idrizović, Aleksandar Jevdjević, Ivica Matić, Danis Tanović (oscar winner for his script of movie No Man's Land), Ademir Kenovic, Pjer Žalica, Dino Mustafić, Srdjan Vuletić, and finally most awarded Emir Kusturica who won the Palme d'Or at Cannes twice (for When Father Was Away on Business and Underground), he is also a recipient of the French Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.[1][2]. Sarajevo Film Festival, founded in 1994, has become the biggest and most influencing film festival in southeast Europe. Some important B&H movies:
- No Man's Land - Oscar-winning motion picture from Bosnia-Herzegovina.
- Summer in Golden Valley - won several festival awards in Europe.
- Grbavica - won best film (Golden Bear) on Berlin Film Festival in 2005.
- Do You Remember Dolly Bell - first awarded film of Emir Kusturica, Golden Lion in Venice Film Festival, 1981.
- When Father Was Away on Business - first film of Emir Kusturica to won Golden Palm in Canes Festival, 1985.
[edit] Music
Traditional Bosnian and Herzogovinian etno songs are ganga, rera, and the most popular is sevdalinka. Famous musicians are: Goran Bregović, Davorin Popović, Kemal Monteno, Zdravko Čolić, Johnny Štulić, Edo Maajka, Dino Merlin and Tomo Miličević. Pop and Rock music also has long tradition. Thanks to talented composers (Đorđe Novković, Esad Arnautalić, Kornelije Kovač and others) many pop and rock groups (as: Bijelo Dugme, Indexi, Crvena Jabuka, Zabranjeno Pušenje) were amongst leading in the former Yugoslavia.
