User:Cserlajos/Mansi related
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| Mansi маньси/моаньсь |
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| Spoken in: | Russia | |
| Region: | Khantia-Mansia | |
| Total speakers: | 3,000-3,800 | |
| Language family: | Uralic Finno-Ugric Ugric Ob-Ugric Mansi |
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| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639-1: | none | |
| ISO 639-2: | ||
| ISO 639-3: | mns | |
| Note: This page may contain IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. | ||
Mansi language, also known as Vogul language (obsolete), is a language of the Mansi people. It is spoken in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, along the Ob River and its tributaries, and parts of Sverdlovsk Oblast in Russia. According to the 1970 Census, there were some 4,000 Mansi-speaking people in Russia.
The Mansi language belongs to the Ob Ugric (Ob Ugrian) subfamily of the Finno-Ugric languages. It is subdivided into a number of dialects, which differ from each other significantly. The base dialect of the Mansi literary language is the Sosva dialect. Fixed order of words is typical for the Mansi language. Adverbials and participles play an important role in sentence construction. The Mansi written language was created in the 1930s on the basis of the Russian alphabet.
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[edit] The alphabet
The Mansi alphabet:
А, Б, В, Г, Д, Е, Ё, Ж, З, И, Й, К, Л, М, Н, Ң, О, П, Р, С, Т, У, Ф, Х, Ц, Ч, Ш, Щ, Ъ, Ы, Ь, Э, Ю, Я
The Latin Mansi alphabet (not used):
A, B, D, E, F, G, H, Һ, I, J, K, L, Ļ, M, N, Ņ, Ŋ, O, P, R, S, S, T, Ţ, U, V, Z, Ь
[edit] Grammar
Mansi is an agglutinating language.
[edit] Article
In Mansi, no articles exist.
[edit] Nouns
There is no grammatical gender. We distinguish between singular, dual and plural number. Six grammatical cases exist.
[edit] Grammatical cases, declining
Example with: пут (cauldron)
| case | sing. | dual | plural |
| nom. | пут | путыг | путэт |
| loc. | путт | путыгт | путэтт |
| lat. | путн | путыгн | путэтн |
| abl. | путнэл | путыгнэл | путэтнэл |
| trans. | путыг | - | - |
| instr. | путэл | путыгтэл | путэтэл |
Missing cases can be expressed using postpositions, such as халнэл (of, out of), саит (after, behind), etc.
[edit] Verbs
Mansi conjugation has three person, three number, two tense, and four mood. Subjunctive and transitive conjugations are distinguished. Active and passive voices exist.
[edit] Tenses
Mansi uses suffixes to express the tense:
| Tense | Suffix | Example |
| Present | -г (lat.[1] -g) | минагум (lat. minagum - I am going) |
| Past | -с (lat. -s) | минасум (minasum - I went) |
The language has no future tense. Future can be expressed in other ways.
[edit] Moods
There are four moods: indicative, conditional, imperative and blandishing.
Indicative mood has no suffix. Imperative mood exists only in the second person.
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Please help improve this section by expanding it. Further information might be found on the talk page or at requests for expansion. |
[edit] Personal suffixes
The suffixes are the following:
| Person | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 1st | -ум | -умен | -ув |
| 2nd | -эн | -эн | -эн |
| 3rd | (no suffix) | -ыг | -эт |
Thus, the conjugation of the verb мина (lat. mina [go]), in past tense (remember the suffix -с):
| Person | Singular | Dual | Plural |
| 1st | минасум (minasum) | минасумен (minasumen) | минасув (minasuv) |
| 2nd | минасэн | минасэн | минасэн |
| 3rd | минас | минасыг | минасэт |
[edit] Active/Passive voice
Verbs have active and passive voice. Active voice has no suffix; the suffix to express the passive is -ве-.
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Please help improve this section by expanding it. Further information might be found on the talk page or at requests for expansion. |
[edit] Numbers
| # | Mansi | Hungarian |
| 1 | аква | egy |
| 2 | китыг | kettő |
| 3 | хурум | három |
| 4 | нила | négy |
| 5 | ат | öt |
| 6 | хот | hat |
| 7 | сат | hét |
| 8 | нёллов | nyolc |
| 9 | онтэллов | kilenc |
| 10 | лов | tíz |
| 20 | хус | húsz |
| 100 | сат | száz |
| 1000 | сотэр | ezer |
[edit] Example
ам хул алысьлаңкве минасум. - I went fishing (literally "I went to catch fish").
[edit] Comparsion with Hungarian
There are some nonsense sentences' latin transcription.[2] They demonstrate well the relationship between Hungarian and Mansi.
| Mansi | Hungarian | English |
| Hurem né vituel huligel husz hul pugi. | Három nő a vízből hálóval húsz halat fog. | Three women are catching twenty fish with a net from the water. |
| Huremszáthusz hulachszäm ampem viten äli. | Háromszázhúsz hollószemű ebem vízen él. | The three hundred and twenty dogs of mine live on water. |
| Pegte lau lasinen manl tou szilna. | Fekete ló lassan megy a tó szélén. | A black horse is slowly walking on the marge of the lake. |
[edit] Notes
- ^ *lat.: With Latin script.
- ^ The transcription is written with Hungarian orthograpy to provide a better way to comparsion; if You do not know the correct pronunciation, see Hungarian alphabet.
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