Image:Codon Bias.jpg

The strongest components (bias) for the encoding of anino acid residues are, in order:

C in 2nd position = NCN = C2 -> small size, medium hydropathy

U in 2nd position = NUN = U2 -> average size, hydrophobic

A in 2nd position = NAN = A2 -> average size, hydrophilic

U in 1st position = UNN = U1 -> not hydrophilic

where N is any of {A, C, G, U}

The y-axis is accurate (cubic Angstroms), but the x-axis could have some error from estimates of hydropathy.

Redrawn from Figure 4 in http://www.complexity.org.au/ci/vol01/fullen01/html/

which attributes the graph to Yang, M. M., W. J. Coleman and D. C. Youvan. 1990. In Reaction Centers of Photosynthetic Bacteria. M.-E. Michel-Beyerle. (Ed.) (Springer-Verlag, Germany) p209-218; listed by Google at [1]

More complex diagrams illustrating the codon bias can be found on Commons at:

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Codon_Bias.jpg

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Genetic_Code.JPG