Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches

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The Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches (CCEO) is the title of the 1990 codification of the common portions of the Canon Law for the 22 of the 23 sui iuris Churches in the Catholic Church. The Roman or Latin rite Church is guided by its own particular Canons. The 22 sui iuris Churches who collectively make up the Eastern Catholic Churches have been invited by the Vatican to codify their own particular laws and submit them to Rome so that there may be a full, complete directory of all religious law within the Catholic Church.

Pope John Paul II promulgated CCEO on October 18, 1990, by the document Sacri Canones.[1] The Code came into force of law on October 1, 1991.[2]

Contents

[edit] Titles

The text of the CCEO is divided into 31 sections, 30 titles and a section of preliminary canons.

[edit] Preliminary Canons

The preliminary canons deal with scope and continuity, what is affected by the CCEO and how prior legislation and customs shall be handled. The canons in this section are numbered 1-6.

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[edit] The Rights and Obligations of All the Christian Faithful

This section defines the christian faithful (those who are baptised), the catechumens, and those in full communion.

It expresses that the faithful have the obligation to maintain the faith and profess it openly, to maintain communion, to promote the growth of the Church, to listen to their pastors, to let their pastors know their own opinions on matters of the good of the Church, to not call their private associations Catholic unless approved by the competent ecclesiastical authority, not to unlawfully damage someone's good reputation or privacy, and to help with the needs of the church and promote social justice including providing for aid to the poor from their own resources.

It also expresses various rights of the faithful.

The canons in this section are numbered 7-26.

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[edit] Churches Sui Iuris and Rites

[edit] Churches sui iuris

(See, Fr. Thomas Kuzhinapurath, "Malankara Catholic Church sui iuris: Juridical Status and Power of Governance," www.scribd.com)

A church sui iuris is " a community of the Christian faithful, which is joined together by a hierarchy according to the norm of law and which is expressly or tacitly recognized as sui iuris by the supreme authority of the Church"(CCEO.27) . The term sui iuris is an innovation of CCEO (Codex Canonum Ecclesiarum Orientalium - Code of Canons of the Oriental Churches) and it denotes the relative autonomy of the oriental Catholic Churches. This canonical term, pregnant with many juridical nuances, indicates the God-given mission of the Oriental Catholic Churches to keep up their patrimonial autonomous nature. And the autonomy of these churches is relative in the sense that it is under the supreme authority of the Roman Pontiff.

For a better understanding of the concept of church sui iuris see, Žužek, Understanding The Eastern Code, pp. 94-109. “Una Chiesa Orientale cattolica è una parte della Chiesa Universale che vive la fede in modo corrispondente ad una delle cinque grandi tradizioni orientali- Alessandrina, Antiochena, Costantinopolitina, Caldea, Armena- e che contiene o è almeno capace di contenere, come sue componenti minori, piú communià diocesane gerarchicamente riunite sotto la guida di un capo commune legittimamente eleto e in communione con Roma, il quale con il proprio Sinodo costituisce la superiore istanza per tutti gli affari di carattere amministrativo, legislativo e giudiziario delle stesse Communità, nell'ambitto del diritto commune a tutte le Chiese, determinato nei Canoni sancti dai Concili Ecumenici o del Romano Pontefice, sempre preservando il diritto di quest'ultimo di intervenire nei singoli casi” pp. 103-104.

According to CCEO the oriental catholic churches sui iuris are of four categories:

1.Patriarchal Churches:

The patriarchal church is the full-grown form of an Oriental Catholic Church. It is "a community of the Christian faithful joined together by" a Patriarchal hierarchy. The Patriarch together with the synod of bishops has the legislative, judicial and administrative powers within jurisdictional territory of the patriarchal church, without prejudice to those powers reserved, in the common law to the Roman pontiff (CCEO 55-150). Among the catholic oriental churches the following churches are of patriarchal status: Maronite, Chaldian, Coptic, Syrian, Melkhite, Armenian.

2.Major Archiepiscopal Churches:

Major archiepiscopal churches are the oriental churches, governed by the Major Archbishops being assisted by the respective synod of Bishops. These churches also have almost the same rights and obligations of Patriarchal Churches. A major archbishop is the Metropolitan of a see determined or recognized by the Supreme authority of the Church, who presides over an entire Eastern Church sui iuris that is not distinguished with the patriarchal title. What is stated in common law concerning patriarchal Churches or patriarchs is understood to be applicable to major archiepiscopal Churches or major archbishops, unless the common law expressly provides otherwise or it is evident from the nature of the matter" (CCEO.151, 152). The Syro Malabar , the Ukranian Byzentine, Syro Malankara Catholic and Rumenian Byzentine churches are the four Major Archiepiscopal churches in catholic communion.

3.Metropolitan Churches:

The sui iuris church, which is governed by a Metropolitan, is called a Metropolitan church "sui iuris." A Metropolitan Church sui iuris is presided over by the Metropolitan of a determined see who has been appointed by the Roman Pontiff and is assisted by a council of hierarchs according to the norm of law" (CCEO. 155§1). The catholic Metropolitan churches are the following: Ethiopian, Ruthenian

4. Other Churches sui iuris:

Other than the above mentioned three forms of sui iuris churches there are some other sui iuris ecclesiastical communities. It is "a Church sui iuris which is neither patriarchal nor major archiepiscopal nor Metropolitan, and is entrusted to a hierarch who presides over it in accordance with the norm of common law and the particular law established by the Roman Pontiff" (CCEO. 174). The following oriental catholic churches are of this juridical status: Belarussian Greek, Bulgarian Greek, Macedonian Greek, Greek Byzentine, Hungarian Greek, Italo-Albanian, Slovakian Greek, Byzentine Church of the Eparchy of Križvci, Albanian Byzentine, Russian Byzentine. Thus altogether there are 22 oriental sui iuris churches in catholic communion.

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[edit] The Supreme Authority of the Church

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[edit] The Patriarchal Churches

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[edit] The Major Archiepiscopal Churches

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[edit] Metropolitan Churches and Other Churches Sui Iuris

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[edit] Eparchies and Bishops

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[edit] Exarchies and Exarchs

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[edit] Assemblies of Hierarchs of Several Churches Sui Iuris

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[edit] Clerics

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[edit] Lay Persons

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[edit] Monks and Other Religious as well as Members of Other Institutes of Consecrated Life

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[edit] Associations of the Christian Faithful

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[edit] Evangelization of Nations

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[edit] The Ecclesiastical Magisterium

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[edit] Divine Worship and Especially the Sacraments

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[edit] Baptized Non-Catholics Coming into Full Communion with the Catholic Church

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[edit] Ecumenism or Fostering the Unity of Christians

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[edit] Persons and Juridic Acts

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[edit] Offices

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[edit] The Power of Governance

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[edit] Recourse Against Administrative Decrees

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[edit] The Temporal Goods of the Church

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[edit] Trials in General

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[edit] The Contentious Trial

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[edit] Certain Special Procedures

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[edit] Penal Sanctions in the Church

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[edit] The Procedure for Imposing Penalties

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[edit] Law, Custom, and Administrative Acts

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[edit] Prescription and the Computation of Time

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[edit] References

  1. ^ AAS82 (1990) pp. 1033-1063
  2. ^ Thomas Kuzhinapurath, Salvific Law, Malankara Seminary Publications, Trivandrum, 2008, p.80

[edit] External links