Chelyabinsk

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Chelyabinsk (English)
Челя́бинск (Russian)

South Ural State University
Chelyabinsk (Russia)
Chelyabinsk
Location of Chelyabinsk on the map of Russia
Coordinates
55°10′N 61°24′E / 55.167, 61.4Coordinates: 55°10′N 61°24′E / 55.167, 61.4
Coat of Arms Flag
City Day: 13 September
Administrative status
Federal subject
In jurisdiction of
Capital of		 Chelyabinsk Oblast
Chelyabinsk Oblast
Chelyabinsk Oblast
Local self-government (as of February 2008)
Charter Charter of Chelyabinsk
Municipal status Urban okrug
Head Mikhail Yurevich
Legislative body Council
Area
Area 486 km² (187.6 sq mi)
Population (as of the 2002 Census)
Population
- Rank
- Density
 1,078,300 inhabitants
9th
2,218.7/km² (5,746.4/sq mi)
Events
Founded 1736
Town status 1871
Other information
Postal code 454xxx
Dialing code +7 351
Official website
n/a

Chelyabinsk (Russian: Челя́бинск) is a city in Russia, located just to the east of the Ural Mountains, on Miass River. It is the administrative center of Chelyabinsk Oblast. Population: 1,077,174 (2002 Census);[1] 1,141,777 (1989 Census).[2]

Contents

[edit] History

Fortress Chelyaba, from which the city takes its name, was constructed on the site in 1736; the city was incorporated in 1781. Around 1900, it served as a center for the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway.

During the Soviet industrialization of the 1930s, Chelyabinsk experienced a fast growth. Several industrial establishments, including the Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant and the Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant, were built at this time. During World War II, Joseph Stalin decided to move a large part of Soviet factory production to places out of the way of the advancing German armies in late 1941. This brought new industries and thousands of workers to Chelyabinsk—still essentially a small city. Several enormous facilities for the production of T-34 tanks and Katyusha rocket launchers existed in Chelyabinsk, which became known as "Tankograd" (Tank City). Chelyabinsk was built essentially from scratch at this time. A small town existed before this, signs of which can be found in the centre of the city. The S.M. Kirov Factory no. 185 moved here from Leningrad to produce heavy tanks—it was transferred to Omsk after 1962.

A serious nuclear accident in 1957 at the Mayak nuclear fuel reprocessing plant, 150 km north-west of the city, caused deaths in Chelyabinsk Oblast but not in the city. The province was closed to all foreigners until 1992.

[edit] Geography

The city is located in the nort-western side of its Oblast, 210 km south of Yekaterinburg.

[edit] Education

There are over a dozen universities in Chelyabinsk. The main ones are South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk State University and Chelyabinsk Medical Academy. The oldest one is Chelyabinsk State Pedagogical University, which was founded in 1934. There are 13 faculties at the University including the Faculty of Foreign Languages, Mathematics, Physics, and others.

[edit] Economy

Chelyabinsk is one of the major industrial centers of Russia. Heavy industry predominates, especially metallurgy and military machinery, notably the Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Combinate (CMK, ChMK), Chelyabinsk Tractor Plant (CTZ, ChTZ), Chelyabinsk Electrode plant (CHEZ) and the Chelyabinsk Tube Rolling Plant (CHTPZ).

Chelyabinsk also has several electronics plants, including Metran, Polet and Zavod Electromashina, that serve both military and civil needs.

[edit] Transport

The planned metro network
The planned metro network
"Chelyabinsk City", the tallest building in Chelyabinsk.
"Chelyabinsk City", the tallest building in Chelyabinsk.

[edit] Chelyabinsk Metro

Chelyabinsk started construction of a 3-line subway network in 1993. It is proceeding slowly using the New Austrian Tunneling method. Pending financing, the opening of the first section is scheduled for 2010.

[edit] Airport

The city is served by Chelyabinsk Balandino Airport.

[edit] Famous people from Chelyabinsk

[edit] Politicians

[edit] Scientists

[edit] Composers

[edit] Developers

[edit] Sportsmen

[edit] Ice Hockey

[edit] Speed Skating

[edit] Chess

[edit] Weightlifting

[edit] References

  1. ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000) (Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved on 2007-12-13.
  2. ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.) (Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics (1989). Retrieved on 2007-12-13.

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

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v • d • e
Cities and towns in Chelyabinsk Oblast
Administrative center: Chelyabinsk
Coat of arms of Chelyabinsk Oblast Flag of Chelyabinsk Oblast