User:CathCarey/Sandbox
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Contents |
[edit] NOTES ON SYNTAX
[edit] Categories
You can also put the article in a category with others in a related topic. Just type [[Category:]], and put the name of the category between the colon and the brackets.
To make a link to a Category page (for example, as a reference for further research), simply put a colon (:) at the beginning of the "Category" tag, like this:
- [[:Category:Astrophysics]]
The above code would produce the following:
It is very important to put in the correct categories so that other people can easily find your work. The best way to find which categories to put in is to look at pages on similar subjects, and check which categories they use. For example if you write an article about a type of tree, you may look at an article on another type of tree to see which categories could be appropriate.
[edit] Bold and italics
The most commonly used wiki tags are bold and italics. Bolding and italicizing are done by surrounding a word or phrase with multiple apostrophes ('):
| You type | You get |
| ''italic'' | italic |
|
'''bold''' |
bold |
|
'''''bold italic''''' |
bold italic |
[edit] Headings and subheadings
If an article has at least four headings, a table of contents will automatically be generated.
Headings and subheadings are an easy way to improve the organization of an article. If you can see two or more distinct topics being discussed, you can break up the article by inserting a heading for each section.
Headings can be created like this:
| You type | You get |
|
== Heading == |
[edit] Heading |
|
=== Subheading === |
[edit] Subheading |
[edit] How to link
When you want to make a link to another Wikipedia page (called a wiki link) you have to put it in double square brackets, like this:
- [[Sandbox]] = Sandbox
If you want the display text of the link to have a different title, you can do so by adding the pipe "|" divider (SHIFT + BACKSLASH on English-layout and other keyboards) followed by the alternative name. For example:
- [[Target page|display text]] = display text
You can make a link to a specific section of a page like so:
- [[Target page#Target section|display text]] = display text
If you want the display text of the link to appear in italics or bold, nest the double square brackets for the link within the multiple apostrophes that delimit the italicized or bold text, like this:
- ''[[War and Peace]]'' = War and Peace
Please check your links to ensure they point to the correct article. For example, Apple points to the article about the fruit, while Apple, Inc. is the title of the article about the computer manufacturer. There are also "disambiguation" pages - these are not articles, but pages which contain links to articles with similar titles. Some, such as Apple (disambiguation) are obvious, while others such as Georgia use generic titles. These differing titles make piped links especially useful, as a link to Georgia (country) is far less readable than a piped link called Georgia.
[edit] Footnotes
The easiest way to create an inline citation is using footnotes. You can create footnotes with Wiki markup (under the edit box on your Wiki GUI) by adding
- <ref>YOUR SOURCE</ref> ref tags around your source, and
- {{Reflist}} or <references/> under the heading ==References== near the bottom of the page.
If your source is a website, you should create an external link to the website address. Do not use other Wikipedia articles as sources.
To create an external link to your source, put the website address (URL) in square brackets after the text you add, such as
- <ref>[http://www.google.com Google search engine]</ref>
Note that there are BOTH ref tags and brackets for this just above.
It is a good idea to provide a short description just after the external site address. This description will be displayed in the reference list as the title of the external site, rather than the actual URL of the site.
[edit] Inline citations without footnotes
Enclosing an external link in single square brackets without providing a description, like this:
- [http://www.google.com]
will display the link as a number in brackets, like this: [1].
If you simply type in the full URL for the page to which you wish to link:
The wiki will automatically treat this text as a link (as has been done with the URL above) and will display the raw web address, including the "http://" part. It is recommended that you do not use this format much, as raw URLs are ugly and often give no clue to what the site actually is.
Avoid this usage: "According to [2], the last full moon of the second millennium occurred on December 11, 1999." Do this instead: "The last full moon of the second millennium occurred on December 11, 1999. [3]"
If you do not use ref tags to create a footnote for the source, you must also add the source to a list of References or Notes and references near the bottom of the article.
[edit] The external links section
Many Wikipedia articles have a separate section labelled External links. This section is for linking to websites with significant and reliable additional information on an article's topic. Before adding a website to an External links section, you should suggest it on the article's Discussion (talk) page. == Footnotes == The easiest way to create an inline citation is using footnotes. You can create footnotes with Wiki markup (under the edit box on your Wiki GUI) by adding
- <ref>YOUR SOURCE</ref> ref tags around your source, and
- {{Reflist}} or <references/> under the heading ==References== near the bottom of the page.
If your source is a website, you should create an external link to the website address. Do not use other Wikipedia articles as sources.
To create an external link to your source, put the website address (URL) in square brackets after the text you add, such as
- <ref>[http://www.google.com Google search engine]</ref>
It is a good idea to provide a short description just after the external site address. This description will be displayed in the reference list as the title of the external site, rather than the actual URL of the site.
[edit] DRAFTS
[edit] Conc for the China-gw page: A middle ground
"It is much more cost effective to design and build from the ground up rather than retrofit afterwards [22]." As a result, "the long-term energy savings can substantially outweigh the initial investment [22]." Chinese scientists in the US have taken a middle ground by arguing that "China, with help from the international community, could lead the world in sustainable development," [13] and China scholars [VERIFY] argue that China could succeed where the US has failed, in setting up a national carbon tax that would be effective not just in capping emissions, but in actually reducing them [31], and could be used to fund research in renewable energy, carbon capture and storage, and energy efficient urban design [22].
[edit] Human Health
The major effects on human health will be increases in infectious diseases, respiratory illnesses, and heat-related illnesses.
Impacts on infectious diseases
The most serious disease that has been linked to global warming in the US is West Nile Virus, which is transmitted by mosquitos, is seriously debilitating, and can be fatal. It's favored by periods of drought that are followed by heavy rain, which is likely to become more common as increased average temperatures in Washington State result in favoring rain instead of snow during the winter, and thus drier summers (chance of drought, particularly east of the Cascades). West Nile is just beginning to be documented in Washington state, but Colorado has been grappling with cases of it since 2002. Total costs there have been estimated to be $120 million [1] or $670 million [2], both as of 2006. Louisiana has been battling cases since 2001, with total costs of [3] $190 million by 2006. In the hopes of avoiding these costs, the Washington Dept. of Health currently spends $246,000 per year on surveillance for the virus and epidemiological followup and testing on suspected human cases[4].
Impact on respiratory illnesses, such as asthma and allergies
Washington's asthma prevalence is already among the highest in the nation [5], engendering costs to the state currently of more than $400 million yearly [6], and it will increase as global-warming-related air-quality problems increase. Though an increase in average yearly temp is the hallmark of global warming, it is not this temp rise itself which exacerbates asthma, but "activities that emit greenhouse gases [such as emissions from cars and power planets and the airborne particles from forest fires] can cause or worsen the disease." [7]. Ways in which global warming has a more direct effect on respiratory illnesses is through the increased CO2 levels that cause most of global warming -- Increased CO2 stimulates pollen production, which stimulates allergies. In addition, the increased flooding in Washington state will increase the growth of fungus in flooded homes, exacerbating allergies.
Impact on heat-related illnesses
Heat-related morbidity will increase as the average yearly temperature increases. Washington state's eastern half is already subject to very hot summers, and this is where most of the heat-related illnesses are likely to occur with increased warming, particularly for those without air-conditioning who are ill, elderly, or homeless. Studies of heat-related mortality in Spain [8] indicate that a temperature as low as 75 degrees F can contribute to mortality rates, and many cities in eastern Washington had highs of 107 degrees in 2006. "Hospital charges for heat-related admissions there in 1998 were approximately $6250 per patient." [9]
