Image:Cardinal vowel tongue position-front.png

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1 Information
- 1.1 Source
2 See also
3 Licensing

[edit] Information

Tongue positions of Daniel Jones' cardinal front vowels (adapted from Jones 1972: 32).
Cardinal vowels #1 and #4 [i, a] were adapted by Jones from x-ray photographs of his mouth.
Cardinal vowels #2 and #3 [e, ɛ] are approximate.
The tongue positions were determined by placing a thin metal chain on Jones' tongue while saying the vowels and then photographing them.
The four large dots indicate the highest point of tongue for each vowel.

[edit] Source

Jones, Daniel. (1972). An outline of English phonetics (9th ed.). Cambridge: W. Heffer & Sons Ltd.

[edit] See also

[edit] Licensing

I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby publish it under the following licenses:

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation license, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation license".