Calf lymph

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Calf lymph was the name given[1] to a type of smallpox vaccine used in the 19th century, and which was still manufactured up to the 1970s.

Contents

[edit] History

Calf lymph was known as early as 1805 in Italy[2], but it was the Lyon Medical Conference of 1864 which made the technique known to the wider world.[3] In 1898 calf lymph became the standard method of vaccination for smallpox in the United Kingdom, when arm to arm vaccination was eventually banned[4] (due to complications such as the simultaneous transmission of syphilis).

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  • Facts about smallpox and vaccination British Medical Association, 1905

[edit] Footnotes

  1. ^ BMA 1905 — for example — "Calf lymph is now available for the vaccination of every child in the country" page 21.
  2. ^ Galbiati G. Memoria Sulla Inoculazione Vaccina coll'Umore Ricavato Immediatement dalla Vacca Precedentemente Inoculata. Napoli, 1810.
  3. ^ Congrès Medical de Lyon. Compterendu des travaux et des discussions. Gazette Med Lyon 19:449–47 1, 1864.
  4. ^ Edward Brown, The Case for vaccination pages 8 and 21, and J.A. Dudgeon. "Development of smallpox vaccine in England in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries" BMJ 1963. 1: 1367-1372.

[edit] External links

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