Calabash

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Calabash

Green calabash on the vine

Kingdom:	Plantae
Division:	Magnoliophyta
Class:	Magnoliopsida
Order:	Cucurbitales
Family:	Cucurbitaceae
Genus:	Lagenaria
Species:	L. siceraria

Binomial name

Lagenaria siceraria
(Molina) Standl.

This article is about one of the plant species by this name. For other uses, see Calabash (disambiguation).

The calabash or African bottle gourd (not to be confused with the calabaza) is a vine grown for its fruit, which can either be harvested young and used as a vegetable or harvested mature, dried, and used as a bottle, utensil, or pipe. For this reason, one of the calabash subspecies is known as the bottle gourd. The fresh fruit has a light green smooth skin and a white flesh.

The calabash was one of the first cultivated plants in the world, grown not for food but as a container. It was named for the calabash tree (Crescentia cujete), a different type of plant.

1 Culinary and other uses
2 Image gallery
3 References
4 External links

[edit] Culinary and other uses

The calabash, as a vegetable, is frequently used in southern Chinese cuisine as either a stir-fry or in a soup. The Chinese name for calabash is hulu (simplified Chinese: 葫芦; traditional Chinese: 葫蘆; pinyin: húlu) or huzi (Chinese: 葫子; pinyin: húzi) in Mandarin.

In Japan, where it is known as kanpyō, it is sold in the form of dried, marinated strips. It is used in place of seafood in a form of vegetarian makizushi (rolled sushi).

In Italian cuisine, it is known as cucuzza (plural cucuzze).

In Central America, the seeds of the Calabash gourd are toasted and ground with other ingredients (including rice, cinnamon, and allspice) to make the drink horchata. Calabash is known locally as morro or jícaro.

In Tanzania, the pulp coated seeds of the Calabash are known as buyu (singular)/mabuyu (plural). These sour pulp coated seeds are gently cooked with sugar and coloured with food colouring and sold as sweets in coastal towns.

In India, it is known as Lauki in Urdu or Dudhi or Ghiya in Hindi, lau in Bengali, Sorakaya in Telugu, Dudhi-Bhopala in Marathi, Sorekayi in Kannada and 'Suraikkaai' (colloq. "Sorakkay") in Tamil. In parts of India, the dried, unpunctured gourd is used as a float (called 'Surai-kuduvai' in Tamil) to learn swimming in rural areas. The dried and cored thick outer skin has traditionally been used to make musical instruments like the Tanpura, Veena, etc ^[1] and balangi (a Sierra Leonean type of balafon) musical instruments. Sometimes, large calabashes are simply hollowed, dried and used as percussion instruments, especially by Fulani, Songhai, Gur-speaking and Hausa peoples.

[edit] Mexico

In many rural parts of Mexico, the calabash is dried and carved hollow to create a bule, a gourd used to carry water around like a canteen.

[edit] South America

In Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Brazil, calabash gourds are dried and carved into mates, the traditional container for the popular caffeinated tealike drink (also called mate) brewed from the yerba mate plant.

[edit] China

The hulu is an ancient remedy for health. In the old days the doctors would carry medicine inside so it has fabled properties for healing. The hulu is believed to absorb negative earth-based qi (energy) that would otherwise affect health and is a traditional Chinese medicine cure. Dried calabash is also used as containers of liquids, often liquors or medicine. Calabash were also grown in earthen molds to form different shapes and dried to house pet crickets, which were kept for their song and fighting abilities. The texture of the gourd lends itself nicely to the sound of the animal, much like a musical instrument. It is a symbol of the Xian immortals.

[edit] Hawaii

In Hawaii a calabash is a large serving bowl. It is usually made from a hardwood, rather than from the Calabash Gourd as in Maroon cultures. It is used on a buffet table or in the middle of the dining table. The use of the calabash in Hawaii has led to terms like "Calabash Family" or "Calabash Cousins". It indicates that an extended family has grown up around shared meals and close friendships. Food is very important in modern Hawaiian culture. "Komo E Kaukau", meaning "come and eat", is the most expected greeting in a Hawaiian home^{[citation needed]}.

[edit] Image gallery

Bottle gourd seeds	A calabash in the garden	Instrument making	Calabash flower
Calabash as container

[edit] References

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Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2007)

^ [1] The History of an Indian Musical Instrument Maker, Kolkata, India<ref> In [[Arabic]] it is called ''Qara''. In Bangladesh it is called ''Lau'' or ''Kumra/Komra''. The tender young gourd is cooked as a summer squash. The [[shoot]]s, [[tendril]]s, and [[leaf|leaves]] of the plant may also be eaten as [[leaf vegetable|greens]]. Additionally, the gourd can be dried out and used to smoke pipe tobacco. A typical design yielded by this squash is recognized in the pipe of Sherlock Holmes. == Other cultural uses == === [[West Africa]] === Hollowed out and dried calabashes are a very typical utensil in households across [[West Africa]]. They are used to clean rice, carry water and also just as a food container. Smaller sizes are used as bowls to drink [[palm-wine]]. Calabashes are used by some musicians in making the [[kora]] (a harp-lute), [[xalam]] (a lute), [[ngoni]] (a lute) and the [[goje]] (a traditional fiddle). They also serve as resonators on the [[balafon]] (West African [[marimba]]). The calabash is also used in making the shegureh (a Sierra Leonean women's rattle)<ref>[http://www.yale.edu/glc/gullah/04.htm image at Joseph Opala], "Origin of the Gullah", yale.edu.</li></ol></ref>