Black dolls
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Black dolls are dark-skinned, inanimate representations of dark-skinned people. Representations--both stereotypical and accurate--fashioned into playthings, date back centuries. More accurate, mass produced depictions are today's playthings and adult collectibles.
Some mediums used to create black dolls include cloth, papier-mâché, paper, china, wood, bisque, composition, hard plastic, vinyl, resin, porcelain, silicone, and polymer clay. Cloth rag dolls made by American slaves served as playthings for slave children. Early mass-produced black dolls typically were dark versions of their white counterparts.
Several 19th century European doll companies preceded American doll companies in the manufacture of black dolls. These predecessors include Carl Bergner of Germany, who made a three-faced doll with one face a crying black child and the other two, happier white faces. In 1892, Jumeau (see Jumeau Dolls) of Paris advertised black and mulatto dolls with bisque heads. Gebruder Heubach of Germany made character faces in bisque. Other European doll makers include Bru Jne. & Cie of Paris, Steiner, Danel, Société Française de Fabrication de Bébés et Jouets (S.F.B.J.), and Kestner of Germany. American companies began including black dolls in their doll lines in the early 1900s. Black dolls were extremely popular. Between 1910 and 1930, Horsman, Vogue, and Madame Alexander included black dolls in their doll lines. Gradually other American companies followed suit.
Beatrice Wright Brewington, an African American entrepreneur, founded B. Wright's Toy Company, Inc. and mass produced black dolls with ethnically-correct features. Also an educator, Ms. Wright began instructing girls in the art of making dolls in 1955.
During the 1960s and in the aftermath of the Watts riots in Los Angeles, California, Shindana Toys, a Division of Operation Bootstrap, Inc., is credited as the first major doll company to mass produce ethnically-correct black dolls. Their "dolls made by a dream" with realistic African American features remain popular amongst black-doll collectors.
Other popular collectible black dolls include manufactured play dolls from prior years, a variety of artist, OOAK (one-of-a-kind), and reborn dolls.
[edit] References
- Black Dolls an Identification and Value Guide 1820-1991 by Myla Perkins
- The Definitive Guide to Collecting Black Dolls by Debbie Behan Garrett
