Axilla
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| Axilla | |
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| Underarm of a male human | |
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| Deep muscles of the chest and front of the arm, with the boundaries of the axilla. | |
| Latin | axilla |
| Gray's | subject #149 585 |
| Artery | axillary artery |
| Vein | axillary vein |
| Nerve | axillary nerve, medial cord, posterior cord, lateral cord |
| Lymph | axillary lymph nodes |
| MeSH | Axilla |
| Dorlands/Elsevier | a_76/12171908 |
The axilla (or armpit, underarm, or oxter) is the area on the human body directly under the joint where the arm connects to the shoulder.
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[edit] Boundaries
Anatomically, the boundaries are as follows:
| inlet/apex: by the outer border of first rib, superior border of scapula, and posterior border of clavicle[1] | ||
| medially: serratus anterior [2] and by the ribcage | anteriorly: by the pectoralis major, minor,[3] and subclavius [2] (see also anterior axillary fold)
posteriorly: by the subscapularis above, and teres major and latissimus dorsi below[2] (see also posterior axillary fold) |
laterally: by the intertubercular sulcus [3] (coracobrachialis and the short head of the biceps brachii are in the axilla.)[2] |
| floor/base: by the skin[1] (visible surface of armpit) |
The contents of the axilla include the axillary vein and artery, as well as the brachial plexus, lymph nodes and fat.
[edit] Medical significance
The axilla is one of the four sites (the other three being the mouth, rectum, and ear canal) in which a medical thermometer may be inserted in order to measure body temperature.
[edit] Underarm hair
Underarm hair usually grows in the underarms of both females and males, beginning in adolescence.
In modern Western culture, it is common for women to remove underarm hair for aesthetic reasons, while men tend to keep it. Throughout the feminist movement, previously in the hippie culture, and in some areas of the punk rock scene, some women choose to keep their underarm hair for a variety of reasons, from subversion to egalitarianism to comfort.
[edit] Body odor
Body odor develops in the underarms due in part to the waste products of microorganisms that feed on sebum, the fatty secretions produced by apocrine glands.
A wide variety of deodorant and antiperspirant products are sold for the purpose of mitigating this odor.
[edit] Cultural significance
The underarms are among the locations in the human body which are most vulnerable to tickling.
The sexual attraction to the underarms is called axillism.
[edit] Terminology
The term oxter, pronounced 'ock-ster' is most often used in Scotland,[4] northern England, and Ireland. Northern Ireland generally replaces all other names of underarm for oxter.
The term "underarm" only refers to the outer surface of the axilla.[5] However, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably in casual contexts.
Colloquially, armpit refers to an object or place which is smelly, greasy or otherwise undesirable.[6]
[edit] Additional images
 Superficial muscles of the chest and front of the arm. |
 Axillary artery and its branches - anterior view of right upper limb and thorax. |
 The veins of the right axilla, viewed from in front. |
 The right brachial plexus (infraclavicular portion) in the axillary fossa; viewed from below and in front. |
 The left side of the thorax. |
[edit] References
- ^ a b Anaesthesia UK :�AnaesthesiaUK: Applied anatomy for upper limb blocks. Retrieved on 2007-12-23.
- ^ a b c d LAB #4 PECTORAL REGION & Introduction to the Axilla. Retrieved on 2007-12-23.
- ^ a b Dissector Answers - Axilla and Arm. Retrieved on 2007-12-23.
- ^ BBC - Voices - Multilingual Nation. Retrieved on 2007-12-23.
- ^ a_61/12152705 at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ Definition of armpit - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Retrieved on 2007-12-23.
[edit] External links
- axilla at eMedicine Dictionary
- Norman/Georgetown lesson3axilla
- Norman/Georgetown lesson3axillarywalls
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