Arsenate

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Arsenate

IUPAC name	arsorate
Identifiers
CAS number
PubChem	27401
SMILES	[O-][As](=O)([O-])[O-]
Properties
Molecular formula	AsO₄^3-
Molar mass	138.919
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references

The arsenate ion is AsO₄³⁻.

An arsenate (compound) is some compound that contains this ion.

[edit] Ions

Arsenate is much like phosphate.

In acid conditions we have arsenic acid, H₃AsO₄;
in weakly acid conditions we have the dihydrogen arsenate ion, H₂AsO₄⁻;
in weakly basic conditions we have hydrogen arsenate ion HAsO₄²⁻;
and finally, in basic conditions, the arsenate ion AsO₄³⁻.

Arsenate has a valency of 5 and is also known as pentavalent arsenic

[edit] Arsenate poisoning

Arsenate can replace inorganic phosphate in the step of glycolysis that produces1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to produce 1-arseno-3-phosphoglycerate instead. This molecule is unstable and quickly hydrolyzes, forming the next intermediate in the pathway, 3-phosphoglycerate. Therefore glycolysis proceeds, but the ATP molecule that would be generated from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is lost - arsenate is an uncoupler of glycolysis.