Annona reticulata

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Annona reticulata
Custard Apple or Wild Sweetsop
Custard Apple or Wild Sweetsop
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Magnoliales
Family: Annonaceae
Genus: Annona
Species: A. reticulata
Binomial name
Annona reticulata
L.
Native range of A. reticulata
Native range of A. reticulata
Synonyms

Annona humboldtiana Kunth
Annona humboldtii Dunal[1]
Annona excelsa Kunth
Annona laevis Kunth
Annona longifolia Sessé & Moc.
Annona riparia Kunth
Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill.[2]
Rollinia deliciosa Saff.
Annona mucosa Jacq.
Rollinia orthopetala A. DC.
Rollinia pulchrinervia A. DC.
Rollinia sieberi A. DC. [3]
Merge arrow
 It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Custard-apple. (Discuss)

Annona reticulata is a small deciduous or semi-evergreen tree in the plant family Annonaceae[4]. It is best known for its fruit, called Custard-apple, a name it shares with fruits of other species from the same family Annona cherimola[5] and Annona squamosa[6] or sometimes it is called Wild-sweetsop.

Contents

[edit] Common names

  • English: bullock's-heart, custard-apple, ox-heart, wild sweetsop
  • French: annone réticulée, coeur de boeuf, cachiman, cachimantier, coeur de boeuf, corossolier sauvage, cachiman créme
  • German: Netzannone, Ochsenherz, Schleimapfel
  • Portuguese: biribá, fruta-de-condessa, fruta-do-conde, biribarana
  • Spanish: anona corazón, corazón de buey, mamán, cachimán, candón, cherimoya[1][7][3]
  • Japanese: ギュウシンリ
  • Malay: Buah nona, Lonang, Nona kapri
  • Russian: Аннона сетчатая
  • Thai: น้อยโหน่ง
  • Tagalog: Anonas[8]
  • Chinese: 牛心番荔枝[9]

[edit] Description

It is a small deciduous or semi-evergreen tree reaching 8 metres (26 ft) to 10 metres (33 ft) tall with an open, irregular crown.[10]

Stems and leaves
The slender leaves are not hairy, straight and pointed at the apex (in some varieties wrinkled), 10 centimetres (3.9 in) to 20 centimetres (7.9 in) long and 2 centimetres (0.79 in) to 7 centimetres (2.8 in) wide.[10]
Flowers
The yellow-green flowers are generally in clusters of three or four 2 centimetres (0.79 in) to 3 centimetres (1.2 in) diameter, with three long outer petals and three very small inner ones. [10]
Fruits and reproduction
The fruit is variable in shape: heart-shaped or spherical. The size ranges from 7 centimetres (2.8 in) to 1 centimetre (0.39 in), depending on the cultivar. When ripe, the fruit is brown or yellowish, with red highlights and a varying degree of reticulation, depending again on the variety. The flesh varies from juicy and very aromatic to hard with a repulsive taste.[10]

[edit] Distribution and habitat

Possibly a native of the Caribbean[7] and Central America[1], Annona reticulata is now pan-tropical[7] and can be found growing between altitudes of 0 metres (0 ft) to 15,000 metres (49,000 ft) in areas of Central America that have alternating seasons.[10]

Cultivated and naturalized[7] in many parts of the world including Southeast Asia, Taiwan, India, Australia, and West Africa.

Native
Nearctic:
Central Mexico: Veracruz
Neotropic:
Central America: Belize, Chiapas, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama
Caribbean: Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Martinique, Puerto Rico, Trinidad
Northern South America: Guyana, Venezuela
Brazil: Acre, Amazonas, Bahia, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Para, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo
Western South America: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Paraguay[11][3]

[edit] Uses

Annona reticulata is best known for its fruit, the custard-apple. The flavor is sweet and pleasant, but inferior to that of the Annona cherimola

For other uses, see Custard-apple.


[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) (1997-07-11). Taxon: Annona reticulata L. (HTML). Taxonomy for Plants. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved on 2008-04-16.
  2. ^ Missouri Botanical Garden (1753). Annona reticulata L. (HTML). Tropicos. Retrieved on 2008-04-16.
  3. ^ a b c Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) (2000-12-15). Taxon: Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill. (HTML). Taxonomy for Plants. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved on 2008-04-16.
  4. ^ Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). PLANTS Profile, Annona reticulata L. (HTML). The PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved on 2008-04-16.
  5. ^ Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) (1997-07-11). Taxon: Annona cherimola Mill. (HTML). Taxonomy for Plants. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved on 2008-04-17.
  6. ^ Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) (1997-07-11). Taxon: Annona squamosa L. (HTML). Taxonomy for Plants. USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program, National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved on 2008-04-17.
  7. ^ a b c d Aluka. Entry for Annona reticulata Linn. [family ANNONACEAE] (HTML). African Plants. Ithaka Harbors, Inc. Retrieved on 2008-04-16.
  8. ^ Porcher, Michel H. et al.. Annona reticulata L. (HTML). Sorting Annona Names. Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database - A Work in Progress. Institute of Land & Food Resources, University of Melbourne. Retrieved on 2008-04-16.
  9. ^ Flora of North America. Annona reticulata Linn. (HTML). Chinese Plant Names. Retrieved on 2008-04-16.
  10. ^ a b c d e Mahdeem, H. (1998-07-05). Annona reticulata (HTML). Neglected Crops. Department of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Purdue University. Retrieved on 2008-04-16.
  11. ^ Bioversity International. Result set for: Annonaceae Annona reticulata (HTML). New World Fruits Database. Retrieved on 2008-04-16.

[edit] External links