Amphiuridae
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Amphiuridae Fossil range: Jurassic - present [1] |
||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scientific classification | ||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||
| Genera | ||||||||||||||
|
See text. |
Amphiuridae (commonly called long-armed burrowing brittle stars[2] or burrowing brittle stars) are a large family of brittle stars of the suborder Gnathophiurina. Some species are used to study echinoderm development (e.g. Amphipholis kochii[3] and Amphioplus abditus[4]) and bioluminescence (the dwarf brittle star, Amphipholis squamata[5][6]).
Contents |
[edit] Characteristics
Amphiuridae are generally small brittlestars. Their jaws are always with two apical papillae at the tip, and one or more papillae on each side[7].
[edit] Systematics and phylogeny
Amphiuridae are the most diverse family of Ophiurida with over 200 species. It contains the following genera:[8][9]
|
|
In addition, two extinct genera are known[10]:
- † Deckersamphiura Jagt, 2000
- † Xanthamphiura Hess 1970
[edit] Ecology
Amphiuridae are found in oceans worldwide from tropics to arctic and antarctic regions, with some species living in brackish water[11]. They live mostly by burrowing in the seafloor or hiding under rocks. Most of them are herbivores or detritus feeders.
[edit] References
- ^ J. Roman, G. Breton, and C. Vadon. 1993. Ophiurides et Astéride (Echinodermata) du Tithonien de Canjuers (Var, France). Annales de Paléontologie 79(1):1-18
- ^ P.Lambert, Checklist of the Echinoderms of British Columbia (April 2007), Royal British Columbia Museum
- ^ Yamashita,M., Embryonic Development of the Brittle-Star Amphipholis kochii in Laboratory Culture, Biol. Bull. 169: 131-142(Aug., 1985)
- ^ Hendler,G, Development of Amphioplus abditus (Verrill) (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): I. Larval Biology,Biol.Bull., Vol.152, No.1 (Feb., 1977)
- ^ P.Brehm, J.G. Morin. Localization and Characterization of Luminescent Cells in Ophiopsila californica and Amphipholis squamata (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) Biological Bulletin, Vol. 152, No. 1 (Feb., 1977)
- ^ Dewael Y, Mallefet J., Luminescence in ophiuroids (Echinodermata) does not share a common nervous control in all species, J Exp Biol. 2002 Mar;205
- ^ Hendler,G. Ophiuroid Skeleton Ontogeny Reveals Homologies Among Skeletal Plates of Adults: A Study of Amphiura filiformis, Amphiura stimpsonii and Ophiophragmus filograneus (Echinodermata), Biol.Bull. 174:20-29.(Feb.1988)
- ^ MarineSpecies.org - Amphiuridae Ljungman, 1867
- ^ Amphiuridae (TSN 157646). Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
- ^ The Paleobiology Database
- ^ R.L.Turner, Effects of Long-Term Exposure to Low Salinity on the Brackish-water Amphiurid Brittlestar Ophiophragmus filograneus (Lyman, 1875) From the Indian River Lagoon, Florida.Florida Scientist, Vol 70, 4 (Sept.2007)
