Albanian Air Force

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Albanian Air Force Forcat Ajrore Shqiptare
Active	1914
Country	Albania
Commanders
Current commander	Brigadier General Astrit Jaupi
Insignia
Roundel
Aircraft flown
Attack	MiG-15, MiG-17, J-5, JJ-5 / retired 2005
Bomber	H-5 / retired 1997
Fighter	MiG-19, Shenyang J-6C / retired 2005
Interceptor	Chengdu J-7 / retired 2005
Patrol	BO-105
Trainer	CJ-6, Agusta AB 206
Transport	Il-14, Mil Mi-4, Harbin Z-5, Agusta AB 205, Y-5

The Albanian Air Force (Forcat Ajrore Shqiptare, FASH) is the national Air Force of the Albanian military. Currently it operates under the Albanian Joint Forces Command and it is regrouped in the Albanian Air Brigade. The headquarters is located in Tirana and it operates two airbases, Kucova and Tirana. ^[1]

[edit] History

Military aviation started in Albania in 1914, when the Albanian government ordered three Lohner Daimler aircraft from Austria to form the Albanian Air Corps. As a result of the outbreak of World War I, the order was cancelled. Albania did not have the resources to restart the development of a proper Air Force during the 1920s and 1930s.

After World War II, the Albanian Air Force finally came into existence when Albania was equipped with Soviet aircraft. The first squadron was equipped with Yakovlev Yak-9s. The first jet fighter to enter service was the MiG-15, dating officially the 15th of May 1955, followed by the MiG-17. Some of the MiG-15s were Soviet fighters used and withdrawned from North Korean conflict. The backbone of the Albanian Air Force jet fighters became MiG-19, NATO code "Farmer". 12 MiG-19PM were delivered by the USSR in October 1959 and on the same year pilots and specialists were sent in USSR to train with the allweather interceptor MiG-19 PM. After the collapse of USSR-Albanian relations, significant numbers of Shenyang J-6 fighters (Chinese copy of the MiG-19S), were delivered from China. In the early 70s, Albania exchanged its lot of Soviet made MiG-19PM (NATO code "Farmer-E"/beam-riding missiles equipped), with 12, more advanced, Chengdu J-7A fighters (Chinese copy of the Soviet built MiG-21). Two of them were lost in incidents in the early 70s, eight had problems with lack of batteries in the early 80s.

In total, during the 70s and early 80s, the Albanian Air Force was able to deploy 72 Shenyang J-6C, 12 Chengdu J-7A, a fighting squadron equipped with 12 MiG-17, a considerable number of MiG-15 (both BIS and UTI versions), and 4 Soviet made transport aircraft Il-14. A squadron of Shijiazhuang Y-5 was deployed in Tirana and the Air Force Academy in Vlora had 2 squadrons of Yak-18 for basic pilot training purposes. The Helicopter component consisted in 37 helicopters Harbin Z-5 based in Farka Tirana, meanwhile there was a single prototype of a light H-5 bomber based in Rinas.

A Shenyang J-6C fighter

Air Force Colonel Niko Hoxha, considered by many as the best Albanian pilot ever. Died during a military exercise with his Shenyang J-6C on November 1965

70s. Four Shenyang J-5 of the Albanian Air Force and the H-5 Bomber

This Mig-15 trainer fled Albania during the riots of 1997 and landed in Italy at the military airfield at Galatina, near Lecce. The airplane was not detected by the Italian radars thus creating political tumult in the Italian Parliament on the capability of the Air Defence systems. Both pilots have asked for political asylum.

Due to relations collapse between Albania and the Chinese, maintenance became extremely difficult and the number of deadly incidents involving Mikoyan fighters increased. Despite Albanian efforts and some initial success in repairing and converting the engines of the MiGs, the lack of specific jet fuel forced the Albanians to start production in a national scale, but without having the proper technological know-how, thus resulting in a low-quality production (The first attempt dates on 1961, when the Kuçova factory produced the special Jet kerosene called TSI). Such fuel conditioned the life-time of the jet engines and often was blamed as the main reason of the deadly incidents (35 Albanian pilots lost their life from 1955 to 2005 mainly due to MiG's mechanical failures). In the early 90s, in an effort to keep the MiGs flying, the Albanian Air Force received spare parts from Bulgaria and engines from the ex-GDR. As of 2004, Albania still had 65 J-6C aircraft, although most were not operational and only 2 Chengdu J-7A in flying condition [1]. The Albanian fighter jets were definitively withdrawn from active service in late 2004 after the last deadly incident involving a J-6C during take-off from the military area at Mother Teresa Airport in Tirana. Since November 2006, the Air Force operates in a new structure, the Albanian Air Brigade, which is part of the Albanian Joint Forces Command. Currently, the Albanian Air Brigade does not operate any fixed-wing aircraft but exclusively helicopters. Part of the same Brigade is also an Air Defence Battalion equipped with MANPADS and 37 mm Antiaircraft artillery. The high-altitude surface-to-air HQ-2 - Hong Qian missiles, a modified version of the Lavochkin S-75 (Russian С-75, NATO reporting name SA-2 Guideline), have already been withdrawn from service. 4 Shijiazhuang Y-5 have been repaired, aiming to a small future parachute capability for some of the country's elite forces.

[edit] Soviet & Chinese Aircraft

[edit] Deployment of the Albanian Air Force until 2005

[edit] Aircraft Falsely Reported

• An-12 Cub

The An-12 has not been operated by the Albanian Air Force. The sighting in the early 90s that caused this was a visitor.

• Li-2 Cab / C-47 Dakota

Many sources refer to about six Li-2s being used in Albania. Neither the C-47 nor its Russian copy, the Li-2, has ever been operated by the Albanian Air Force.

• Mil Mi-2 Hoplite

Two Mi-2 were wrongly reported as being operated during the 1980s.

• Mil Mi-17

This version of the Mi-8 Hip has not been supplied to Albania.

• Shenyang F-4

The F-4 designation has been incorrectly assumed in the west to apply to the Chinese built version of the MiG-17F. The correct designation is Shenyang F-5. No Shenyang F-4 has ever been exported by China.

[edit] Inventory

See full article: List of Albanian Air Force aircraft

The Albanian Air Force operates various types of helicopters and a small number of Yak-18 training aircraft. The majority of the Albanian fixed-wing aircraft, like the Shenyangs are currently in storage, having been withdrawn from active service in 2005. Close to NATO Integration the Air defense has become a secondary priority for the Albanian military. Current plans are to reduce the manpower of the Albanian Air Force to around 1,400.^{[citation needed]}

Aircraft	Source	Type	In service[2][3]	Versions	Notes
Aerospatiale SA 316 Alouette III	Switzerland	Light Utility helicopter	4[4]	SA 319	used by Ministry of Health
Agusta A109	Italy	VIP helicopter	1	A109C	recently acquired
Agusta-Bell AB205	Italy	transport helicopter	7	AB205A-1	3 flying[5]
Agusta-Bell AB206	Italy	transport helicopter	7	AB206C-1	4 flying[6]
MBB Bo 105	Germany/  European Union	Utility helicopter	5	Bo 105 E-4[7]	12 to be delivered by 2009[8][9][10]
Eurocopter AS 350 Ecureuil	European Union	light utility helicopter	0	AS 350B	up to 3 recently in service[11]
Mil Mi-8 Hip	Ukraine	transport helicopter	1[12]	Mi-8T	Flying for the Ministry of Interior
Shijiazhuang Y-5	China	utility	4	Y-5B	8 in storage

[edit] Gallery

The national Air Force roundel on an Agusta AB 205.	The first BO-105E-4 that entered service with the Albanian Air Brigade.	Albanian Air Brigade helicopters in Farka. Italian made Agusta AB 206 and Agusta AB 205.	An Agusta AB 205 inside the hangar.
Preparing an Agusta AB 206 for flight. The Agusta AB 206 is used mainly to train the new pilots.	Albanian military personnel dealing with an Agusta AB 206 maintenance.	Maintenance of an Agusta AB 205 at the Regiment facilities.	Mil Mi-8 in service with the Albanian Air Brigade.
AA 37 mm.JPG Members of the Air Defence Battalion during training with Chinese made Type 65 37 mm self-propelled Antiaircraft guns.	Low altitude Antiaircraft defence‎ training with 12,7 mm Type 54 Heavy Machine Gun.

[edit] The Albanian Air Force in Years

Details from some of the last flights of the Shenyang J-6Cs as Albanian Air Force in 2003. Firing the 30 mm cannons.	Albanian MiG pilots. 60s.	This Chengdu J-7 appeared in an Albanian Air Force exhibition, on May 2000.	A Shenyang J-6C from the 4030 Regiment, at Kucova, Berat Airbase.
Museal Shenyang J-6C at Rinas Air Force HQ	The Chinese H-5 Bomber at Rinas military airfield, Tirana	Once the Helicopter backbone of the Albanian Air Force the Z-5. Museal prototype at Helicopters Regiment at Farka, Tirana	3 ex-AAF retired Mil Mi-4 used in the past as VIP transporters.

[edit] See also

• Military of Albania
• Rapid Reaction Brigade
• List of Albanian Air Force aircraft

[edit] References

[edit] External links

• Albanian Air Force official site
• Albanian Air Force Pictures