490 BC

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Centuries: 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC
Decades: 520s BC  510s BC  500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC  470s BC  460s BC 
Years: 493 BC 492 BC 491 BC - 490 BC - 489 BC 488 BC 487 BC
490 BC by topic
Politics
State leaders - Sovereign states
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Births - Deaths
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Establishments - Disestablishments
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The Battle of Marathon
The Battle of Marathon
490 BC in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 490 BC
Ab urbe condita 264
Armenian calendar N/A
Bahá'í calendar -2333 – -2332
Berber calendar 461
Buddhist calendar 55
Burmese calendar -1127
Chinese calendar 2147/2207
([[Sexagenary cycle|]]年)
— to —
2148/2208
([[Sexagenary cycle|]]年)
Coptic calendar -773 – -772
Ethiopian calendar -497 – -496
Hebrew calendar 3271 – 3272
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat -434 – -433
 - Shaka Samvat N/A
 - Kali Yuga 2612 – 2613
Holocene calendar 9511
Iranian calendar 1111 BP – 1110 BP
Islamic calendar 1145 BH – 1144 BH
Japanese calendar
Korean calendar 1844
Thai solar calendar 54
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[edit] Events

[edit] By place

[edit] Greece

  • Darius I sends an expedition, under Artaphernes and Datis the Mede across the Aegean to attack the Athenians and the Eretrians. Hippias, the aged ex-tyrant of Athens, is on one of the Persian ships in the hope of being restored to power in Athens.
  • When the Ionian Greeks in Asia Minor rebelled against Persia in 499 BC, Eretria joined Athens in sending aid to the rebels. As a result, Darius makes a point of punishing Eretria during his invasion of Greece. The city is sacked and burned and Darius enslaves its inhabitants. He intends the same fate for Athens.
  • September 12 — The Battle of Marathon takes place as a Persian army of more than 20,000 men is advised by Hippias to land in the Bay of Marathon, where they meet the Athenians supported by the Plataeans. The Persians are repulsed by 11,000 Greeks under the leadership of Callimachus and Miltiades. Some 6,400 Persians are killed at a cost of 192 Athenian dead. Callimachus, the war-archon of Athens, is killed in the battle. After the battle, the Persians return home.
  • Before the Battle of Marathon, the Athenians send a runner, Pheidippides, to seek help from Sparta. However, the Spartans delay sending troops to Marathon because religious requirements mean they must wait for the full moon.
  • According to a much later tradition, after the Battle of Marathon, Pheidippides, who has already run 140 miles to Sparta and return over five days and nights, runs 26.2 miles (40 kilometres) from Marathon to Athens to carry the news of the victory. His last words before collapsing and dying are: "Rejoice, we are victorious."
  • Hippias dies at Lemnos on the journey back to Sardis after the Persian defeat.
  • Cleomenes I is forced to flee Sparta when his plot against Demaratus is discovered, but the Spartans allow him to return when he begins gathering an army in the surrounding territories. However, by this time he has become insane, and the Spartans put him in prison. Shortly after, he commits suicide. He is succeeded as King of Sparta by a member of the Agiad house, his half-brother, Leonidas.
  • The Athenians begin the building of a temple to Athena Parthenos (approximate date).

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[edit] Deaths